ext_152013 (![[identity profile]](https://www.dreamwidth.org/img/silk/identity/openid.png)
elektrobop.livejournal.com) wrote in ![[community profile]](https://www.dreamwidth.org/img/silk/identity/community.png)
vaginapagina2002-04-11 02:46 pm
elektrobop.livejournal.com) wrote in vaginapagina2002-04-11 02:46 pm
HPV and Circumcision
April 11, 2002 (NY Times)
Male Circumcision Is Found to Reduce Cervical Cancer
By DENISE GRADY
Circumcising men may significantly reduce the rate of cervical cancer in women by decreasing the spread of a sexually transmitted virus that causes nearly all cases of cervical cancer, researchers are reporting.
A study being published today in The New England Journal of Medicine provides important scientific evidence for a link that scientists have long suspected.
The new findings are based on 1,913 couples in five countries, including 977 couples in which the woman had cervical cancer and 936 couples without cancer. Researchers found that circumcision made a difference if the man had had six or more sex partners, which made him more likely to have contracted the cancer-causing human papilloma virus, or H.P.V. In those couples, the risk of cervical cancer was more than double if the man was not circumcised.
The findings may not apply to couples in which the man has had fewer than six sex partners, because he is less likely to be carrying H.P.V.
The researchers say uncircumcised men may be more likely than others to contract H.P.V. because the lining of the foreskin is especially vulnerable to the virus. Their study, which used DNA testing to look for penile H.P.V. infection in the men, found that uncircumcised men were about three times as likely as circumcised men to be infected.
Of the 1,913 men in the study, 1,215 had had six or more partners and 1,543 were not circumcised.
The researchers, led by Dr. Xavier Castellsague of the Llobregat Hospital in Barcelona, used data from seven studies in Brazil, Spain, Thailand, Colombia and the Philippines.
H.P.V. is common, and 20 million Americans are thought to be infected. The virus has about 100 strains, including 30 that are sexually transmitted. Not all the strains can cause cervical cancer, and even when women contract a strain that does, most eliminate the virus from their bodies without developing cancer. Some doctors recommend condoms to prevent H.P.V., but others say they may not work as well for this virus as they do for other infections.
In the United States, there are about 13,000 cases of cervical cancer a year and 4,100 deaths. Doctors often say it is a disease that no woman should die of. It is easily cured if detected early by a Pap test, and the death rate in North America has declined in the past decade.
Worldwide, there are about 466,000 cases of cervical cancer a year. Each year, 231,000 women die of the disease, mostly in developing countries, and in some of those countries the death rate is not declining.
An editorial in The New England Journal of Medicine noted that worldwide, 25 percent of all men are circumcised. It also said that in the United States in the 1970's about 80 percent of all newborn boys were circumcised, but that the rate had dropped since then because medical groups like the American Academy of Pediatrics said the procedure did not have enough benefits to recommend its routine use.
Dr. Dimitrios Trichopoulos, a professor of cancer prevention and epidemiology at the Harvard School of Public Health and a coauthor of the editorial, said the new study provided a medical argument for circumcision. Dr. Trichopoulos said that on the strength of the study, if he had a newborn son he would have him circumcised. If the global circumcision rate could be increased to about 75 percent, he said, it could lead to a 23 percent to 43 percent drop in the incidence of cervical cancer.
But Dr. Trichopoulos said he doubted that such a rate would ever be reached, because of costs and other factors. "This is an area where you have political and religious sensitivities," he said.
Dr. Carol L. Brown, a gynecologic oncologist and expert on cervical cancer at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center in Manhattan, said that a study like the one being reported today should be done in this country before doctors considered making recommendations about circumcision in the United States.
"This data is good, but we have different populations," Dr. Brown said, adding that H.P.V. strains may differ, that circumcision rates are relatively high and that it cannot be assumed that the findings would be the same in the United States.
Male Circumcision Is Found to Reduce Cervical Cancer
By DENISE GRADY
Circumcising men may significantly reduce the rate of cervical cancer in women by decreasing the spread of a sexually transmitted virus that causes nearly all cases of cervical cancer, researchers are reporting.
A study being published today in The New England Journal of Medicine provides important scientific evidence for a link that scientists have long suspected.
The new findings are based on 1,913 couples in five countries, including 977 couples in which the woman had cervical cancer and 936 couples without cancer. Researchers found that circumcision made a difference if the man had had six or more sex partners, which made him more likely to have contracted the cancer-causing human papilloma virus, or H.P.V. In those couples, the risk of cervical cancer was more than double if the man was not circumcised.
The findings may not apply to couples in which the man has had fewer than six sex partners, because he is less likely to be carrying H.P.V.
The researchers say uncircumcised men may be more likely than others to contract H.P.V. because the lining of the foreskin is especially vulnerable to the virus. Their study, which used DNA testing to look for penile H.P.V. infection in the men, found that uncircumcised men were about three times as likely as circumcised men to be infected.
Of the 1,913 men in the study, 1,215 had had six or more partners and 1,543 were not circumcised.
The researchers, led by Dr. Xavier Castellsague of the Llobregat Hospital in Barcelona, used data from seven studies in Brazil, Spain, Thailand, Colombia and the Philippines.
H.P.V. is common, and 20 million Americans are thought to be infected. The virus has about 100 strains, including 30 that are sexually transmitted. Not all the strains can cause cervical cancer, and even when women contract a strain that does, most eliminate the virus from their bodies without developing cancer. Some doctors recommend condoms to prevent H.P.V., but others say they may not work as well for this virus as they do for other infections.
In the United States, there are about 13,000 cases of cervical cancer a year and 4,100 deaths. Doctors often say it is a disease that no woman should die of. It is easily cured if detected early by a Pap test, and the death rate in North America has declined in the past decade.
Worldwide, there are about 466,000 cases of cervical cancer a year. Each year, 231,000 women die of the disease, mostly in developing countries, and in some of those countries the death rate is not declining.
An editorial in The New England Journal of Medicine noted that worldwide, 25 percent of all men are circumcised. It also said that in the United States in the 1970's about 80 percent of all newborn boys were circumcised, but that the rate had dropped since then because medical groups like the American Academy of Pediatrics said the procedure did not have enough benefits to recommend its routine use.
Dr. Dimitrios Trichopoulos, a professor of cancer prevention and epidemiology at the Harvard School of Public Health and a coauthor of the editorial, said the new study provided a medical argument for circumcision. Dr. Trichopoulos said that on the strength of the study, if he had a newborn son he would have him circumcised. If the global circumcision rate could be increased to about 75 percent, he said, it could lead to a 23 percent to 43 percent drop in the incidence of cervical cancer.
But Dr. Trichopoulos said he doubted that such a rate would ever be reached, because of costs and other factors. "This is an area where you have political and religious sensitivities," he said.
Dr. Carol L. Brown, a gynecologic oncologist and expert on cervical cancer at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center in Manhattan, said that a study like the one being reported today should be done in this country before doctors considered making recommendations about circumcision in the United States.
"This data is good, but we have different populations," Dr. Brown said, adding that H.P.V. strains may differ, that circumcision rates are relatively high and that it cannot be assumed that the findings would be the same in the United States.
genital mutilation is cruel in all forms
It would be good to see studies of this from the U.S.A.
Genital mutilation in any form on any sex is cruel.
Re: genital mutilation is cruel in all forms
my fiancé is english, and hasn't been circumsized (most men there aren't, as opposed to america), but he's very cleanly. i think it's great that he still has his foreskin as it makes sex more pleasurable for him, and it's fun to play with. heh. i'm his first and only sex partner; we plan on leaving any male children we may have uncircumsized. i think it's a bit silly to link cervical cancer to circumcision exactly, rather than the habits of the male. it seems to me that it is more directly related to having had sex with multiple partners without taking proper procautions. i mean, it makes more sense that hpv can thrive more on uncircumsized penises as the entire head is covered by a flap of skin whenever it is not erect, creating an environment good for the spread of viruses as it is harder to detect problems in that area, and it requires more time + skill to clean thoroughly.
but whatever.
i might be way wrong. i'm no scientist or doctor or even male. :P this just seems like another thing that is being used to justify the needless widespread circumcision in america.
Re: genital mutilation is cruel in all forms
Hygene, and also the issue of the number of sexual partners might have something to do with it.
There was no mention of a US study. I wonder what research has been done into this in the states.
My brother had the snip, 8 years later and there I was, pain and trauma free, times have changed in Australia.
Regular smear testing (yeah I know, horrible) from what I understand is a good method of catching cervical cancer early. Watching a family friend die of it, not something you would wish on anybody.
Re: genital mutilation is cruel in all forms
As much as that I don't want cervical cancer, I still don't think that surgery like that on infants is worth it. Almost all forms of HPV don't cause cervical cancer. Some do. Somewhere between 25% and 50% of all women have HPV, according to my doctor. Only 10% have been diagnosed with it.
I think I'd need to see more dramatic numbers before thinking that it's worth circumcision.
Re: genital mutilation is cruel in all forms
Re: genital mutilation is cruel in all forms
But still. . . .
Re: genital mutilation is cruel in all forms
Re: genital mutilation is cruel in all forms
I can see the logic.
Re: genital mutilation is cruel in all forms
Re: genital mutilation is cruel in all forms
i only gave that "logical" argument because i thought it would make my case stronger. i just don't believe in circumcision unless it is needed for health reasons. it's sad how most in america think the uncircumcised penis, a beautiful organ in its natural state, is 'disgusting' and 'gross'.
what do the majority of australians think of circumcision? from what you said, it sounds as if it used to be uncommon but is becoming fashionable. :|
Re: genital mutilation is cruel in all forms
i absolutely agree. thanks for saying that!
Re: genital mutilation is cruel in all forms
Yes, me too.
women would be a lot less likely to suffer from yeast infections if not for having labia, but you don't see many people running around suggesting that.
one of the reasons I hate the US- (sorry, I'm biased, I'll admitt that right off the bat, where genetial mutilation is concerned) they leave people uneducated about things and then point fingers saying shite like "men with all the bits they're born with are more likely to cause their female sex partner cervical caner" and "see, we should make abortions illegal, look at all the teens getting pregnant!"- well, how about you just educate the masses before you go causing ruin to your people, eh?
Re: genital mutilation is cruel in all forms
As a teacher there's nothing I'd like better than to do that. However Mr. & Mrs. Biblethumper (my own personal bias) have a lock on the school boards, especially here in the South, so sex education in any form other than "don't do it" is immoral and wrong. Heaven forbid children should learn about sex in a safe environment when they can find out on the streets.
Re: genital mutilation is cruel in all forms
and yeah, I agree, and that erks me as well. probably most of all, actually because it infects and affects so many different portions of our lives.
I guess I figure for my part I'll just be the kind of person that's willing to bring it up and rant about it to anyone that'll listen, and some who don't, and teach my own child(ren), friends, and family about it, hoping they'll infect and affect.
Re: genital mutilation is cruel in all forms
so perhaps the issue is that uncircumcised males, who have been now shown to be correlated with spreading HPV, need to be cleaner about their practices.
Re: genital mutilation is cruel in all forms
heeheehee